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AUDIENCE

                What you write about (subject) and your reason for writing (purpose) are greatly affected by whom you are writing for (audience). Because ayou will usually be writing for an audience, you will communicate your ideas more efectively if you keep that audience in mind. Remember that all audiences have expectations , but those expectations vary from one audience to another.

As you work through this book, your audience will usually be your teacher or classmates. However, you will occasionally be asked to write with another audience in mind. This will give you practice in choosing the appropriate word s and varying your tone.

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REVISING

                Don’t forget that writing is a process. A every important part of that process is revising. The word revision is combination of the root word vision and the prefix re which mean “Again”.When you revise, you “see again” to see how you can improve it. What kind king of change shoot you make you revise : 

                -Add new idea or more spesific support

                -Ilimate irrelevant sentences

                -re arangge idea to improve the organization

                -Edit to correct the grammer punctuation and spelling

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EDITING
 

                After you revise your paragraph for content and organization, all you need to do is edit  it. Editing means looking for and correcting mistakes in grammar, spelling, and punctuation. Finding the mistake in your paragraph is not alwasy easy, especially if english is not native languange. 

However,some mistakes are very common,so you should look for them first. The activities below will help you learn to correct some of the most common mistakes that students make.

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The Writing Process

Very few people pick up a pen or sit down at a computer and produce a perfect piece of writing on the first try. Most writers spen a lot of time thinking before they write and then work through a series of steps while they are composing. The final product is often the result of several careful revisions. It takes patience as well as skill to write well. You hould think of writing as a process involving the following steps :

Step One : Prewriting

Generating ideas, planning, and organizing your ideas

Step Two : Writing

Using your ideas to write a first draft

Step Three : Revising and Editing

Improving what you have written

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Puctuation
 

                Punctuation marks, such as comma, periods, and quotation marks, help readers interpret sentences. They determine how a sentence should be read and understood. Like most languages, English has certain rules of punctuation. The guidelines below will help you master some of the most important ones.

Period

·      Use a period at the end of a statement:

Argentina’s economy is a mix of agriculture and industry.

·      Use period with most abbreviations:

Mr.

Mrs.

A.M.

P.M.

Question Mark

·      Use a question mark at the end of a question:

Who is going to drive me to the airport?

Comma

·      Use comma to seperate words or pharase in a series:

The sea around Antarctica is home to dolphins, porpoises, whales, seals, and other sea creatures.

·      Use comma between the day of the month and the year:

August 12, 2014

Colon

·      Use a colon to introduce a series:

The museum offers daily tours of the following collections: American, Asian, Classical, and European.

·      Use a colon to separate hours from minutes:

3:15

6:45

Quatation Marks

·      Use quatation marks to enclose a direct quote:

Juli said, “I have already finished my homework”.

Capitalization

The following rules summarize the main uses of capitalization in English. If you are not sure when to capitalize a word, you should use your dictionary as a reference.

·      Capitalize the first word of a sentence:

Fishing is an impotant industry in Peru.

·      Capitalize names. Capitalize a title that precedes a name:

Dr. Lourie

Prefessor Cantor